The confusion of these two things [i.e. the value set on competitive success and the occasion for shame] is encouraged by measuring Greek attitudes by the standard of a Christian . . . outlook. 

以基督教...世界观的标准衡量希腊人的态度，鼓励了此二者（竞争成功的重要性和羞耻的场合）的混淆。

That outlook associates morality simultaneously with benevolence, self-denial, and inner directedness or guilt (shame before God or oneself). 

这种世界观把道德和仁慈，克己忘我，向内指导或内疚（在上帝或自己面前羞耻）一齐联系在了一起。

It sees the development of moral thought to this point as progress, and it tends to run together a number of different ideas which have been discarded – or at least rendered less reputable – by that progress.

它将如此地步的道德思想视为进步，而且它往往会让那些被遗弃的——或者至少声誉受损的——诸多想法一起运作。