五、自我同一性对角色混乱IDENTITY v. ROLE CONFUSION
With the establishment of a good initial relationship to the world of skills and tools, and with the advent of puberty, child hood proper comes to an end. Youth begins. But in puberty and adolescence all samenesses and continuities relied on earlier are more or less questioned again, because of a rapidity of body growth which equals that of early childhood and because of the new addition of genital maturity. The growing and developing youths, faced with this physiological revolution within them, and with tangible adult tasks ahead of them are now primarily concerned with what they appear to be in the eyes of others as compared with what they feel they are, and with the question of how to connect the roles and skills cultivated earlier with the occupational prototypes of the day. In their search for a new sense of continuity and sameness, adolescents have to re-fight many of the battles of earlier years, even though to do so they must artificially appoint perfectly well-meaning people to play , the roles of adversaries; and they are ever ready to install lasting idols and ideals as guardians of a final identity.
在建立起同技术与工具世界的最初关系后,青春期即将到来,而童年就要真正结束了。在青春期,因为身体的第二次快速发展以及性器官的成熟,早期获得的一致性和连续性受到了质疑。成长与发展中的年轻人,面对体内的生理巨变和成人目标,开始关心——同自我评价相比——他人对他们的评价,以及如何将早先习得的角色和技能同时代的职业标准联系起来。在获得新的连续性和一致性中,他们必须和早年战斗过的“敌人”重新开战,即便这意味着他们必须让好人来扮演敌人的角色。他们已经准备好在头脑中装入某些偶像和理念,以便保卫最终的身份。
The integration now taking place in the form of ego identity. is, as pointed out, more than the sum of the childhood identifications. It is the accrued experience of the ego's ability to integrate all identifications with the vicissitudes of the libido, with the aptitudes developed out of endowment, and with the opportunities offered in SOCial roles. The sense of ego identity, then, is the accruaI confidence that the inner sameness and continuity of one's meaning for others, as evidenced in the tangible promise of a 'career'.