心理咨询理论 » 防御机制
- 心理神经症的防御机制by ALF GERLACH 施琪嘉 译
- 自我冲突的处理 by 施琪嘉
- 有个机制，名叫歪曲 by 李孟潮
Oral phase口欲期 (0 to 3 years)
- Projection投射 投射 by 缪绍疆
- Introjection内 摄、内投射
- Hallucination幻觉化
Anal Phase肛欲期 (1.5 to 5 years)
- Projective Identification投射性 认同
- Projective Blaming投射性责备
- Denial否认 初识否认 by 李孟潮
- Dedifferentiation (Self-Object Fusion)失分化（自体-客体混淆）
- Splitting分裂
- Animism泛灵论
- Deanimation 去生灵
- Reaction-Formation反向形成
- Undoing and Rituals取消和仪式 抵消 by 李孟潮
- Isolation (of Affect)（情绪）隔离
- Externalization外化
- Turning on the self转向自身
- Negativism否定化
- Compartmentalization间隔化
- Hostile aggression敌意性攻击
First Genital Phase 性蕾期(2 to 6 years)
- Displacement置换 置换足矣 by 李孟潮
- Symbolically（符号化）
- Condensation凝缩、压缩
- Illusion formation or daydreaming白日梦
- Prevarication支吾搪塞
- Confabulation虚构
- Repressed压抑（或名潜抑），
- Negative hallucination 负性幻觉（视而不见）
- Libidinal regression[ Psychosexual regression ]利比多退行（心理性欲退行）
- Ego regression自我退行
- Temporal regression暂时性退行
- Topographic regression区域性退行
- Suppressed克制
- Identification with a fantasy和幻想认同
- Identification with parents' Unconscious or conscious wishes/fantasies认同父母无意识的愿望/幻想
- identification with the ideal image or object认同理想化的意象或客体
- identification with the aggressor与攻击者认同
- identification with the victim与受害者认同
- Identification with the lost object和丧失客体的认同
- Identification with the interject与内摄物认同
- Seduction of the aggressor引诱攻击者
Latency Phase 潜伏期(6 to 11 years)
- Sublimation升华（作用）
- Provocation挑逗(衅)
- Rationalization合理化 合理化及其它 by 李孟潮
- Rumination（过度）沉思
- Counterphobic Behavior反恐惧行为
- Intellectualization理智化
- socialization and Distancing社会化和距离化
- instinctuliation of an Ego Function 自我功能本能化
- Inhibition of an Ego Function自我功能的禁止
- Idealization理想化
- Devaluation贬低
Adolescence and Later—Second Genital Phase 青春期及成人期( 13 to 20 years plus)
- Humor幽默
- Concretization（使抽象概念）具体化
- Disidentification不认同
- Group formation团体形成
- Asceticism禁欲
- Ipsisexual Object Choise手淫式客体选择
Assorted其他
- One affect versus Another一种情绪对抗另外一种
- Hyperabstraction过度抽象
- Reticence沉默寡言
- Garrulousness多嘴多舌
- Avoidance回避
- Passive被动
- Grandiosity/Omnipotence夸大/全能化
- Passive to Active被动转主动
- Somatization躯体化
- Normalization正常化
- Dramatization戏剧化
- Impulsivity冲动
- Substance abuse as a defense物质滥用
- Clinging粘附
- Whining发牢骚
- Pseudoindependence假性独立
- pathological altruism病理性利他
- Gaslighting装神弄鬼
- minimization轻视
- exaggeration夸大
- generalization 泛化
- reconstruction of reality重构现实
- Transference传会（移情）
- dissociation解离
- photophobia恐光症
- apathy 情感淡漠
- intimidation of others –bullying恐吓他人——威吓
- compensation for deficiencies对缺陷进行补偿
- psychogenic tic心理源性抽动
- introspection内省
- qualified agreement有限制的同意
- instinctualization of an ego weakness对自我弱点的本能化
- Inauthenticity伪装
- hyper-rationality高度合理化
- vagueness含糊
- hyper-aestheticism高度唯美主义
- glibness快嘴快舌
- physical violence躯体暴力
- identification with the injured object 与受伤客体的认同
- formal regression 形式退行
- Hypervigilance高度警觉
- temporal displacement to the future暂时转换到未来
- fatigue疲劳
- Frankness坦率
- turning self-criticism onto the object自我批评转向客体
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