Jacobson, Edith (1897-1978)
source:International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis
Edith Jacobson, psychoanalyst and physician, was born September 10, 1897 in
Haynau, Germany and died December 8, 1978 in Rochester, New York.
Edith Jacobson's father was a physician and her mother was a talented musician.
She attended medical school at Jena, Heidelberg, and Munich, and received her
medical degree from Munich in 1922. From 1922 to 1925 she was a pediatric intern
at the University Hospital in Heidelberg.
Jacobson traced her interest in psychoanalysis to the period of her pediatrics
internship, during which she observed instances of childhood sexuality (Milrod,
1971). In 1925 she began training at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute, where
her analyst was Otto Fenichel. During these years she also participated in "Das
Kinder Seminar," which was formed by candidates at the Berlin Institute and led
by Fenichel (the name is an ironic reference to the junior status of its
organizers, not to its substantive focus).
In 1934 she was named a training analyst at the Berlin Institute. During the
1930s she was imprisoned by the Nazis because she refused to divulge information
about a patient (Kronold, Edward, 1979). During her imprisonment she became
seriously ill with Graves disease and diabetes. While hospitalized in Leipzig
she was able to escape from Germany with the help of her close friend Annie
Reich, and Reich's second husband. In 1941 she emigrated to the United States of
America where, as a member of the New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute,
she was a distinguished training analyst and teacher.