Where Unconscious Memories Form
ScienceDaily (Dec. 17, 2010) — A small area deep in the brain called the perirhinal cortex is critical for forming unconscious conceptual memories, researchers at the UC Davis Center for Mind and Brain have found.
加州大学戴维斯心理与脑中心的研究人员发现，鼻周皮质，这个位于脑深部的小面积区域是形成概念上的无意识记忆的关键。
The perirhinal cortex was thought to be involved, like the neighboring hippocampus, in"declarative" or conscious memories, but the new results show that the picture is more complex, said lead author Wei-chun Wang, a graduate student at UC Davis.
与邻近的海马区一样，鼻周边缘皮层曾被认为参与了记忆的陈述或被分配了意识的记忆，但新结果表明，情况较为复杂。主要作者，加州大学戴维斯分校的研究生王魏津说。
The results were published Dec. 9 in the journal Neuron.
研究结果发表在12月9日的Neuron杂志。 
we're all familiar with memories that rise from the unconscious mind. Imagine looking at a beach scene, said Wang. A little later, someone mentions surfing, and the beach scene pops back into your head.
大家都熟悉从意识浮起的记忆。 他说，想象一个在海滩的场景， 过了一会儿，有人提到了海浪，于是这个海滩景象重新浮现于你的头脑。
Declarative memories, in contrast, are those where we recall being on that beach and watching that surf competition: "I remember being there."
与陈述式的记忆相对照的情景是，我们被唤回到了海滩上，看冲浪的比赛：“我记得我的确在那里”
Damage to a structure called the hippocampus affects such declarative "I remember" memories, but not conceptual memories, Wang said. Neuroscientists had previously thought the same was true for the perirhinal cortex, which is located immediately next to the hippocampus.
损害了的海马区结构功能的陈述是：“我记得”的回忆，而不是概念的回忆，他说。 神经科学家以前认为同样是鼻质边缘皮层，位于紧邻海马如此。
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以下是机器的翻译
Wang and colleagues carried out memory tests on people diagnosed with amnesia, who had known damage to the perirhinal cortex or other brain areas. They also carried out functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans of healthy volunteers while they performed memory tests.
王和他的同事进行了诊断和失忆症的人，谁知道破坏边缘皮层或其他脑部区域内存测试。 他们还进行了功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的健康志愿者进行扫描，而他们的记忆测试。
In a typical test, they gave the subjects a long list of words, such as chair, table or spoon, and asked them to think about how pleasant they were.
在一个典型的测试，他们给的科目，如椅子，桌子或勺子的话，长长的清单，并请他们想想他们多么惬意。
Later, they asked the subjects to think up words in different categories, such as "furniture."
后来，他们要求受试者认为在不同类别的词语，如“家具”。
Amnesiacs with damage to the perirhinal cortex performed poorly on the tests, while the same brain area lit up in fMRI scans of the healthy control subjects.
与破坏边缘皮层健忘症患者表现不佳的测试，而同样在fMRI脑区亮的健康对照组扫描了。
The study helps us understand how memories are assembled in the brain and how different types of brain damage might impair memory, Wang said. For example, Alzheimer's disease often attacks the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex before other brain areas.
这项研究有助于我们了解记忆是聚集在大脑以及不同类型的脑损伤可能损害记忆，王说。 例如，老年痴呆症往往先于其他攻击大脑海马，边缘皮层区。
Co-authors on the study are Andy Yonelinas, professor of psychology and at the Center for Mind and Brain; Charan Ranganath, professor at the Center for Neuroscience; former UC Davis graduate student Michele Lazzara, now project coordinator at the University of Illinois at Chicago; and Robert Knight, professor of psychology at UC Berkeley.
共同作者的研究是安迪的Yonelinas教授， 心理学 ，并在中心心和脑;查兰Ranganath，神经科学教授为中心，前加州大学戴维斯分校研究生米歇尔拉扎拉，现在在芝加哥伊利诺伊大学的项目协调员在和罗伯特骑士的心理学教授加州大学伯克利分校。
The work was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
这项工作是由美国国立卫生研究院。
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
The above story is reprinted (with editorial adaptations by ScienceDaily staff) from materials provided by University of California - Davis.
Journal Reference:
Wei-Chun Wang, Michele M. Lazzara, Charan Ranganath, Robert T. Knight, Andrew P. Yonelinas. The Medial Temporal Lobe Supports Conceptual Implicit Memory. Neuron, 2010; 68 (5): 835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.009
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