www.psychspace.com心理学空间网
Dr. Jerome FrankHe is a perfect example that power of meanings that to affect health, is a real example, and may all remember, it was a man who, who had a heart attack and he would look very bad it is for health society and he was just (inaudible ) and Cousins hadn't talked with him. And he said I, …nothing to worry to the shift this pessimistic view to a optimistic one. You assure him and say, you've rounded this hard hard head of truth a bit he said, as well, but he did was to say that you often, your EKG with (inaudible ) is fine, is getting better, and you will be alright, just relax and but see that the color changes and heart settle down, there is no question that fear and such emotions can be lethal in some people, and so yes I got this on this it's a question only for our society, and anyone else would take this for granted, and mostly for cultures, we talk about.
Types of Psychotherapy What are the common features of all effective types of psychotherapy?
Clemmont Vontress What are the common features of all therapy?
Jerome Frank The first of all it's the, the Healer(ph), the relationship with the Healer(ph) as I say sometimes, I could be symbolic, but there is always there on some way, and... and... and secondly, I will say is the setting, the healing setting, which has a symbols of healing in it, from the witchdoctors of course place of work to froze(ph) office, which has a picture of Freud in the office always, and various ornaments on the desk, through those are always... those two things are always there and then there is some kind of ritual, based on some kind of conceptualization, in all of these healers, and but, and but it doesn't matter which one may not matter, but that's to be one. I think those three things are always there, and then what the functions of those, we mentioned, the relatives, they cement relationship, you see, you see that one, that one is about ritual together for example and leaning on the same value system and same goals, and they will all inspire hope that by definition, even when psychoanalysts say we don't promise to help you. The patient wouldn't see the (inaudible ) that (inaudible ) wouldn't see the patient for years, usually something was good going to do happen, so hope is always there to, then there is no therapy that it works, it doesn't arouse the patient emotionally somehow, and emotional arouse on the (inaudible ) your blood pressure goes up, your heart rate goes up, and you sweat and all the amount of arouse (inaudible ) on your system, my mental Kurt Lewin used to talk about attitude change having three components, first you, you shake up and unfreeze the old attitude, and that comes with the emotional arousal, and then you change him, the patient as well as your rituals, and then refreeze it. With new attitudes, and there is very little attention in paying to that. That's the follow-up in all therapies. But it isn't important to keep in mind, I think is factors that, first it facilitate, attitude change, are not the same as those who maintain it, and so that those must be considered too. I think, I hear most of main aspects, their of who know them, who know, on a very important one, all these therapies is to increase the patients sense of mastery and the easiest methods, the first instance, of those done is two main things, you know that one of my colleagues wrote about the principal, Vampus Riskin(ph) you know Riskin(ph) being the evil dwarf, who was all, is who had power over the queen and he lost all his powers, as soon as he guessed his name and that's that the name of the monster as you might say is part of the all therapy, and he is one of sense of mastery, and... as if and... conceptualizing is a horrible experience you are going through, also which was a sense of mastery, because conceptualizing and naming (inaudible ) for mastering things. So, the thing finds as almost is uncertainty, and you can use something a label, and at least your illusion, that you got it under control, somehow, there is also the casual (inaudible ) link, sacrophanco, sacrophanical urgual agents to psychotherapy, because with when a certain... when the patient's manifestations, are due to clearly distained(ph) imbalances in that autonomy system, and you are correcting imbalances with the drugs that's a very powerful source of mastery, I had... I met one... I had one patient, I never met, that was, that was so striking, was on telephone, and how long distance call from the lady, who says she was visiting (inaudible ) and she was schizophrenic she told me, and she was noticing she was being into ego little bit, and have hallucinations and she was scared. I never saw her, I talked to her on the phone and pointed out that she was under situation had a lot of stress, and that when went by home, the stress subsided, and also told her, her dose of Stelazine which she was on was okay, and six weeks later, I had a letter from her. I had a letter from this patient, here let me read it to you, this was about six weeks after she left me, she said, just to be reassured by competent psychiatrist, that I, I comes first, I am on Stelazine, I'm in control of the situation, is the best part that would be possible for me. So there is, that's the example of control though medication, which I do not ignore, ignore by any means of the… which I doesn't it got really the psychological aspects that didn’t try to dishonor whether it was hurting them.
Clemmont Vontress Dr. Frank , what... what do you feel is the role of faith in the therapists? That is, is it necessary? Is it absolutely necessary that the... the... the client or the patient have faith in the psychotherapist?
Faith in the Therapist The therapeutic alliance
Dr. Jerome FrankThe therapeutic alliance, which will hold it down, and that's, that's the crux of the author without that nothing happens it seems to me, except that a book you can carry at, that that's interesting about human beings again, since we are all sort of about instances…, since we can deal with symbols so well, we can go for example of Isaac Marks in his program for (inaudible ) states has well written a whole thing in the book. And the book has the accurate healing powers that people, respond to it. So we can't just say it has Serbian individual, as we are person, but those some who represents a person. A symbol that represents a healer, somewhere in the system.
Dr. Clemmont VontressDo you personally believe in, in the guide or a benevolent force?
Dr. Jerome FrankYes, of course, the question one thing about everyone's life it never comes to a final answer, I have... I guess I can say, he should arrive at a resting point, and I will be glad to tell you, what mine is, could have served just mine. I may most impressed by, what I understand is a Hindu notion, that you can't say anything, any and all about the indwelling spirit of the universe, you know can you say the exists or doesn't exist, because I makes a little limitation to it. But you can't say the truth, it might whatever this X is, it manifests itself to humans in three forms, and we all put this in different ways, but we all feel it the Creator, Destroyer, and the preserver, and they're all necessary. You can't have one without the other two, as we just had creation, we swamped in overnight and it would just have the creation and destruction, what about in between, so that... that's basic, and now thus beyond written evils, it was the first trouble with it, is no guide anything, but I and I think, if you look at humans, got ethics, then there is a universal ethical precept which is that the survival of the group, as recounts, not the individual I mean with the sacrifice oneself or unswoop(ph) is very high level of ethical behavior. So I know that far at least, and that enough for me get buoy on, I don’t I can't ask the ultimate questions at all. And I can say things, that's an ethics, as that I can repeals to make that make sense.
Dr. Clemmont VontressThat's very interesting, and it suggests another question? I would like to ask to you? Do you think that religions contribute to the well being of people who adhere to these religions?
Dr. Jerome FrankI guess most of them do, because they end their way supply of framework for thinking about the world, the basic uncertainty and insecurity, and I say that's all, it's very hard to say more than that, because some most of them I think, are positive in the sense of doing that, but of course, tell you that sex like, to be an (inaudible ) they way exactly the destructive aspect with regard, so we know, it is very very hard and beyond the necessary, except that some illusion is necessary, I guess to get the peace of mind. Some sensitive order in the universe does not all just by being blind chaos, that I think, we all have to have, and then we have to have illusion, and for me, it was sufficient to say well, what is... what is… promotes the welfare of the group is the good, I think so. I can have to, because I just (inaudible ) me to live on you might say, you know, Foy(ph) was a very... culturally a very a Jew, but religiously, he was an atheist, and an anti-religion, as he seemed to be, and so I prepare... that was brought in the days, when our psychotherapy was forming, and that we had stuck with it to some extent, I don't think it's necessary, a part of the, part of psychotherapy either way.
Dr. Clemmont VontressIn summary your works you have talked about people without hope, and the importance of hope in helping people, who come to psychotherapy, what do you feel that way?
The Importance of hope... A Powerful Ingredient in Mental Health
Dr. Jerome FrankWell, let me say as for hope is one of the powerful ingredients for all psychotherapies, I guess that's the meaning of the Pandora's box legend hoping make up for all the hollow(ph) or there is a humanity you know, hope hope comes out of the box after all, …come out, and make all the rest bearable that way, so in that sense, hope is that it reaches everyone, know that hope is very important.
Dr. Clemmont VontressWhat should the training of the psychotherapist be?
Dr. Jerome FrankHm... I think that people have to certainly, there is a... there is a harmonial(ph) part of it, you have to be... the therapist has to be informed whether various schools I think, and further philosophy is and should become... should dive more deeply and one of should practice, at least one of them. If you a young picking ones, quite congenial to him. The… and that is very hard to say much more as a practicum(ph) in other words under theoretical framework and the practicum(ph) should be as both should be as brought as possible, now that's a question because, you lose effectiveness, if you are too… if you take too many different kinds of therapy. So, I but I should say I guess the best compromise on we think this will get along here, this should be exposed to as many as possible, but then it doesn't or one or two that you will find congenial, and practice there, and become expert in that.
Dr. Clemmont VontressShould we in teaching them psychotherapy, teach it as a art or as a science or what?
Dr. Jerome FrankI don't believe as a science, I have indicated before, I think what is this, it's an art, really, it were... were... is an art, this is in for… informed, by that knowledge that is about matters, and that but it shouldn’t be I think, I think it really, I think the whole field is been of, and that the reason I feel it had been so unproductive in spite of all the brilliant work has been done, through the last, 50 years say, is just because we are trying to make into a science. We... we.... we.... gosh... we... we... we got a citation for something else, so you got what... what the things called a... we were sight of a one particular article, great event, a great achievement, that we showed was that the patients are prepared for psychotherapy, they do better than they are not prepared for psychotherapy, we didn't need this philosopher tell you that you know, in the most of the most of the things we got awards of voices for that kind of thing, I think it is I just... I just stopped reading the one way, I really stopped reading the Psychotherapy research some years ago. I guess, Yalom may be years to go on, because see the decision... you are Yalom as such however, and my group psychotherapy, particularly, but I think that's the basic trouble of you'll. And we don't have an alternative, you don't have to teach art, the art is psychosts... psychotherapy.
Clemmont Vontress What personal qualities do you feel that a psychotherapist should possess?
Dr. Jerome FrankNo... No I think... I was thinking over that because, I'm thinking of people, I have met through therapists, who don't follow the conventional mode. I have a little bit hours(ph) of striking example, he holds some strings of the patients and uses all sort of… and so on. But every therapist, every good therapist, like you think of, has a real desire to help people it starts with that, and that's... that's... that's the general thing, then he has a soon... then all soon you have a certain perceptiveness that they can sense for the problem as on focus then on this, there was two qualities are always that is there it seems to me, was it there may be a kind in it. I'm not sure, you know, no I would not say kindliness, but there is a way to help, and one another... those.... those are the two which stricken my mind. I want to close all article, and make all community, that's... that's very important, I guess as a essence of a teacher and a thera... therapist both.
Dr. Clemmont VontressI also wonder, if you... you would care to condemn on, or making the other recommendations to psychotherapist today?
Dr. Jerome FrankYes, that first of all, I should inform themselves and through the courses, as to what's the different procedures are, and then they should find out what it just thinking about it or trying it, which is the most congenial to him. And become an expert in that one or may even decide not to do psychotherapy at all. (inaudible ) therapy because, they probably may find this it used to help this is not really very powerful with them.
Dr. Clemmont VontressDr. Frank , What do you, what do you think that is the future of psychotherapy?
Dr. Jerome FrankOh! no boy, I know.... I will, I hate it. I limit to stop somewhere else, the thing, we call psychotherapy is always in part of every society. There are always people in society, who are told to offer help to other people by psychological means, who does it, takes all kinds of people, all kinds in different societies. Shamans for example or priests, and in our society, doctors and they call psychotherapy, so I think, I had to distinguish between the fact between the necessity of some situation, in the society doing... doing helping people through psychological means, and such distinguishing that from psychotherapy perse and that the future of that is who knows, I just... there will be something that's all will be something called that usually we call it as psychotherapy. Who is going to do it? How? How much they we wanted to do? who knows? I, I don’t do a prophecy, right now, it's under a cloud, somewhat, but has bounces back and forth, it is always there.
Clemmont Vontress Well, I appreciate of having the opportunity to, talk with you today, and I think that these insights will be tremendously beneficial to critter(ph) students and practitioners in our profession. Thank you very much.
Dr. Jerome FrankThank you, As in a way, exciting experience for me, and one quite unexpected at this period of my life. And its' been... I don't expect to have anything like this happened to me you know.
Dr. Clemmont VontressThank you.
Dr. Jerome FrankSo, thank you.
Dr. Fred Bemak We have heard from one of the great minds in mental health. It is apparent, as Dr. Frank discusses his book and reflections about psychotherapy, that it is a complicated process. He not only provides us with many in depth and stimulating answers, but of equal importance raises many questions about counseling, he touches on a range of issues, including healing, the process of change, the pollution of time, good and evil work, demoralization, sex and spirituality, as they relate to counseling,Dr. Jerome Frankis an inspiration to all of us, in better understanding ourselves, and our work. Thank you for joining us.
Thanks to Dr. Fred BemakDr. Clemmont VontressDr. Bernard Liberman Dr. Rita Chi-Ying Chung Mr. Larry Epp Produced by Robert Cole Films © 1996 ACA American Counseling Association
The Power of the Mind
Dr. Jerome FrankHe is a perfect example that power of meanings that to affect health, is a real example, and may all remember, it was a man who, who had a heart attack and he would look very bad it is for health society and he was just (inaudible ) and Cousins hadn't talked with him. And he said I, …nothing to worry to the shift this pessimistic view to a optimistic one. You assure him and say, you've rounded this hard hard head of truth a bit he said, as well, but he did was to say that you often, your EKG with (inaudible ) is fine, is getting better, and you will be alright, just relax and but see that the color changes and heart settle down, there is no question that fear and such emotions can be lethal in some people, and so yes I got this on this it's a question only for our society, and anyone else would take this for granted, and mostly for cultures, we talk about.
Types of Psychotherapy What are the common features of all effective types of psychotherapy?
Clemmont Vontress What are the common features of all therapy?
Jerome Frank The first of all it's the, the Healer(ph), the relationship with the Healer(ph) as I say sometimes, I could be symbolic, but there is always there on some way, and... and... and secondly, I will say is the setting, the healing setting, which has a symbols of healing in it, from the witchdoctors of course place of work to froze(ph) office, which has a picture of Freud in the office always, and various ornaments on the desk, through those are always... those two things are always there and then there is some kind of ritual, based on some kind of conceptualization, in all of these healers, and but, and but it doesn't matter which one may not matter, but that's to be one. I think those three things are always there, and then what the functions of those, we mentioned, the relatives, they cement relationship, you see, you see that one, that one is about ritual together for example and leaning on the same value system and same goals, and they will all inspire hope that by definition, even when psychoanalysts say we don't promise to help you. The patient wouldn't see the (inaudible ) that (inaudible ) wouldn't see the patient for years, usually something was good going to do happen, so hope is always there to, then there is no therapy that it works, it doesn't arouse the patient emotionally somehow, and emotional arouse on the (inaudible ) your blood pressure goes up, your heart rate goes up, and you sweat and all the amount of arouse (inaudible ) on your system, my mental Kurt Lewin used to talk about attitude change having three components, first you, you shake up and unfreeze the old attitude, and that comes with the emotional arousal, and then you change him, the patient as well as your rituals, and then refreeze it. With new attitudes, and there is very little attention in paying to that. That's the follow-up in all therapies. But it isn't important to keep in mind, I think is factors that, first it facilitate, attitude change, are not the same as those who maintain it, and so that those must be considered too. I think, I hear most of main aspects, their of who know them, who know, on a very important one, all these therapies is to increase the patients sense of mastery and the easiest methods, the first instance, of those done is two main things, you know that one of my colleagues wrote about the principal, Vampus Riskin(ph) you know Riskin(ph) being the evil dwarf, who was all, is who had power over the queen and he lost all his powers, as soon as he guessed his name and that's that the name of the monster as you might say is part of the all therapy, and he is one of sense of mastery, and... as if and... conceptualizing is a horrible experience you are going through, also which was a sense of mastery, because conceptualizing and naming (inaudible ) for mastering things. So, the thing finds as almost is uncertainty, and you can use something a label, and at least your illusion, that you got it under control, somehow, there is also the casual (inaudible ) link, sacrophanco, sacrophanical urgual agents to psychotherapy, because with when a certain... when the patient's manifestations, are due to clearly distained(ph) imbalances in that autonomy system, and you are correcting imbalances with the drugs that's a very powerful source of mastery, I had... I met one... I had one patient, I never met, that was, that was so striking, was on telephone, and how long distance call from the lady, who says she was visiting (inaudible ) and she was schizophrenic she told me, and she was noticing she was being into ego little bit, and have hallucinations and she was scared. I never saw her, I talked to her on the phone and pointed out that she was under situation had a lot of stress, and that when went by home, the stress subsided, and also told her, her dose of Stelazine which she was on was okay, and six weeks later, I had a letter from her. I had a letter from this patient, here let me read it to you, this was about six weeks after she left me, she said, just to be reassured by competent psychiatrist, that I, I comes first, I am on Stelazine, I'm in control of the situation, is the best part that would be possible for me. So there is, that's the example of control though medication, which I do not ignore, ignore by any means of the… which I doesn't it got really the psychological aspects that didn’t try to dishonor whether it was hurting them.
Clemmont Vontress Dr. Frank , what... what do you feel is the role of faith in the therapists? That is, is it necessary? Is it absolutely necessary that the... the... the client or the patient have faith in the psychotherapist?
Faith in the Therapist The therapeutic alliance
Dr. Jerome FrankThe therapeutic alliance, which will hold it down, and that's, that's the crux of the author without that nothing happens it seems to me, except that a book you can carry at, that that's interesting about human beings again, since we are all sort of about instances…, since we can deal with symbols so well, we can go for example of Isaac Marks in his program for (inaudible ) states has well written a whole thing in the book. And the book has the accurate healing powers that people, respond to it. So we can't just say it has Serbian individual, as we are person, but those some who represents a person. A symbol that represents a healer, somewhere in the system.
Dr. Clemmont VontressDo you personally believe in, in the guide or a benevolent force?
Religious Beliefs
Dr. Jerome FrankYes, of course, the question one thing about everyone's life it never comes to a final answer, I have... I guess I can say, he should arrive at a resting point, and I will be glad to tell you, what mine is, could have served just mine. I may most impressed by, what I understand is a Hindu notion, that you can't say anything, any and all about the indwelling spirit of the universe, you know can you say the exists or doesn't exist, because I makes a little limitation to it. But you can't say the truth, it might whatever this X is, it manifests itself to humans in three forms, and we all put this in different ways, but we all feel it the Creator, Destroyer, and the preserver, and they're all necessary. You can't have one without the other two, as we just had creation, we swamped in overnight and it would just have the creation and destruction, what about in between, so that... that's basic, and now thus beyond written evils, it was the first trouble with it, is no guide anything, but I and I think, if you look at humans, got ethics, then there is a universal ethical precept which is that the survival of the group, as recounts, not the individual I mean with the sacrifice oneself or unswoop(ph) is very high level of ethical behavior. So I know that far at least, and that enough for me get buoy on, I don’t I can't ask the ultimate questions at all. And I can say things, that's an ethics, as that I can repeals to make that make sense.
Dr. Clemmont VontressThat's very interesting, and it suggests another question? I would like to ask to you? Do you think that religions contribute to the well being of people who adhere to these religions?
Dr. Jerome FrankI guess most of them do, because they end their way supply of framework for thinking about the world, the basic uncertainty and insecurity, and I say that's all, it's very hard to say more than that, because some most of them I think, are positive in the sense of doing that, but of course, tell you that sex like, to be an (inaudible ) they way exactly the destructive aspect with regard, so we know, it is very very hard and beyond the necessary, except that some illusion is necessary, I guess to get the peace of mind. Some sensitive order in the universe does not all just by being blind chaos, that I think, we all have to have, and then we have to have illusion, and for me, it was sufficient to say well, what is... what is… promotes the welfare of the group is the good, I think so. I can have to, because I just (inaudible ) me to live on you might say, you know, Foy(ph) was a very... culturally a very a Jew, but religiously, he was an atheist, and an anti-religion, as he seemed to be, and so I prepare... that was brought in the days, when our psychotherapy was forming, and that we had stuck with it to some extent, I don't think it's necessary, a part of the, part of psychotherapy either way.
Dr. Clemmont VontressIn summary your works you have talked about people without hope, and the importance of hope in helping people, who come to psychotherapy, what do you feel that way?
The Importance of hope... A Powerful Ingredient in Mental Health
Dr. Jerome FrankWell, let me say as for hope is one of the powerful ingredients for all psychotherapies, I guess that's the meaning of the Pandora's box legend hoping make up for all the hollow(ph) or there is a humanity you know, hope hope comes out of the box after all, …come out, and make all the rest bearable that way, so in that sense, hope is that it reaches everyone, know that hope is very important.
Dr. Clemmont VontressWhat should the training of the psychotherapist be?
The Education of the Therapist
Dr. Jerome FrankHm... I think that people have to certainly, there is a... there is a harmonial(ph) part of it, you have to be... the therapist has to be informed whether various schools I think, and further philosophy is and should become... should dive more deeply and one of should practice, at least one of them. If you a young picking ones, quite congenial to him. The… and that is very hard to say much more as a practicum(ph) in other words under theoretical framework and the practicum(ph) should be as both should be as brought as possible, now that's a question because, you lose effectiveness, if you are too… if you take too many different kinds of therapy. So, I but I should say I guess the best compromise on we think this will get along here, this should be exposed to as many as possible, but then it doesn't or one or two that you will find congenial, and practice there, and become expert in that.
Dr. Clemmont VontressShould we in teaching them psychotherapy, teach it as a art or as a science or what?
Dr. Jerome FrankI don't believe as a science, I have indicated before, I think what is this, it's an art, really, it were... were... is an art, this is in for… informed, by that knowledge that is about matters, and that but it shouldn’t be I think, I think it really, I think the whole field is been of, and that the reason I feel it had been so unproductive in spite of all the brilliant work has been done, through the last, 50 years say, is just because we are trying to make into a science. We... we.... we.... gosh... we... we... we got a citation for something else, so you got what... what the things called a... we were sight of a one particular article, great event, a great achievement, that we showed was that the patients are prepared for psychotherapy, they do better than they are not prepared for psychotherapy, we didn't need this philosopher tell you that you know, in the most of the most of the things we got awards of voices for that kind of thing, I think it is I just... I just stopped reading the one way, I really stopped reading the Psychotherapy research some years ago. I guess, Yalom may be years to go on, because see the decision... you are Yalom as such however, and my group psychotherapy, particularly, but I think that's the basic trouble of you'll. And we don't have an alternative, you don't have to teach art, the art is psychosts... psychotherapy.
Clemmont Vontress What personal qualities do you feel that a psychotherapist should possess?
Personal Qualities of the Therapist
Dr. Jerome FrankNo... No I think... I was thinking over that because, I'm thinking of people, I have met through therapists, who don't follow the conventional mode. I have a little bit hours(ph) of striking example, he holds some strings of the patients and uses all sort of… and so on. But every therapist, every good therapist, like you think of, has a real desire to help people it starts with that, and that's... that's... that's the general thing, then he has a soon... then all soon you have a certain perceptiveness that they can sense for the problem as on focus then on this, there was two qualities are always that is there it seems to me, was it there may be a kind in it. I'm not sure, you know, no I would not say kindliness, but there is a way to help, and one another... those.... those are the two which stricken my mind. I want to close all article, and make all community, that's... that's very important, I guess as a essence of a teacher and a thera... therapist both.
Dr. Clemmont VontressI also wonder, if you... you would care to condemn on, or making the other recommendations to psychotherapist today?
Dr. Jerome FrankYes, that first of all, I should inform themselves and through the courses, as to what's the different procedures are, and then they should find out what it just thinking about it or trying it, which is the most congenial to him. And become an expert in that one or may even decide not to do psychotherapy at all. (inaudible ) therapy because, they probably may find this it used to help this is not really very powerful with them.
Dr. Clemmont VontressDr. Frank , What do you, what do you think that is the future of psychotherapy?
The Future of Psychotherapy
Dr. Jerome FrankOh! no boy, I know.... I will, I hate it. I limit to stop somewhere else, the thing, we call psychotherapy is always in part of every society. There are always people in society, who are told to offer help to other people by psychological means, who does it, takes all kinds of people, all kinds in different societies. Shamans for example or priests, and in our society, doctors and they call psychotherapy, so I think, I had to distinguish between the fact between the necessity of some situation, in the society doing... doing helping people through psychological means, and such distinguishing that from psychotherapy perse and that the future of that is who knows, I just... there will be something that's all will be something called that usually we call it as psychotherapy. Who is going to do it? How? How much they we wanted to do? who knows? I, I don’t do a prophecy, right now, it's under a cloud, somewhat, but has bounces back and forth, it is always there.
Clemmont Vontress Well, I appreciate of having the opportunity to, talk with you today, and I think that these insights will be tremendously beneficial to critter(ph) students and practitioners in our profession. Thank you very much.
Dr. Jerome FrankThank you, As in a way, exciting experience for me, and one quite unexpected at this period of my life. And its' been... I don't expect to have anything like this happened to me you know.
Dr. Clemmont VontressThank you.
Dr. Jerome FrankSo, thank you.
Dr. Fred Bemak We have heard from one of the great minds in mental health. It is apparent, as Dr. Frank discusses his book and reflections about psychotherapy, that it is a complicated process. He not only provides us with many in depth and stimulating answers, but of equal importance raises many questions about counseling, he touches on a range of issues, including healing, the process of change, the pollution of time, good and evil work, demoralization, sex and spirituality, as they relate to counseling,Dr. Jerome Frankis an inspiration to all of us, in better understanding ourselves, and our work. Thank you for joining us.
Thanks to Dr. Fred BemakDr. Clemmont VontressDr. Bernard Liberman Dr. Rita Chi-Ying Chung Mr. Larry Epp Produced by Robert Cole Films © 1996 ACA American Counseling Association
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