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2006, Vol. 37, No. 5, 515–522 0735-7028/06/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/0735-7028.37.5.515
Discredited Psychological Treatments and Tests: A Delphi Poll
In the context of intense interest in evidence-based practice (EBP), the authors sought to establish consensus on discredited psychological treatments and assessments using Delphi methodology. A panel of 101 experts participated in a 2-stage survey, reporting familiarity with 59 treatments and 30 assessment techniques and rating these on a continuum from not at all discredited to certainly discredited. The authors report their composite findings as well as significant differences that occurred as a function of the experts’ gender and theoretical orientation. The results should be interpreted carefully and humbly, but they do offer a cogent first step in consensually identifying a continuum of discredited procedures in modern mental health practice.
2006, Vol. 37, No. 5, 515–522 0735-7028/06/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/0735-7028.37.5.515
Discredited Psychological Treatments and Tests: A Delphi Poll
In the context of intense interest in evidence-based practice (EBP), the authors sought to establish consensus on discredited psychological treatments and assessments using Delphi methodology. A panel of 101 experts participated in a 2-stage survey, reporting familiarity with 59 treatments and 30 assessment techniques and rating these on a continuum from not at all discredited to certainly discredited. The authors report their composite findings as well as significant differences that occurred as a function of the experts’ gender and theoretical orientation. The results should be interpreted carefully and humbly, but they do offer a cogent first step in consensually identifying a continuum of discredited procedures in modern mental health practice.
关键词:Delphi Poll, discredited technique, evidence-based practice, psychological assessment, psychotherapy, quackery
Experts’ Ratings of Mental Health Treatments in Ranked Order
Round 1 | Round 2 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% not | % not | |||||
Treatment | M | SD | familiar | M | SD | familiar |
Angel therapy for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的愤怒治疗 | 4.92 | 0.28 | 71.4 | 4.98 | 0.14 | 46.4 |
Use of pyramids for restoration of energy 能量金字塔重建 | 4.89 | 0.32 | 31.7 | 4.98 | 0.13 | 28.0 |
Orgone therapy (use of orgone box or orgone energy accumulator) for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的奥尔根治疗法 | 4.92 | 0.28 | 26.0 | 4.97 | 0.17 | 16.9 |
Crystal healing for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的氣輪陣自覺療法 | 4.82 | 0.44 | 34.0 | 4.95 | 0.21 | 21.0 |
Past lives therapy for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的前世疗法 | 4.81 | 0.44 | 22.8 | 4.92 | 0.27 | 7.2 |
Future lives therapy for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的来世疗法 | 4.67 | 0.80 | 42.4 | 4.88 | 0.33 | 30.5 |
Treatments for PTSD caused by alien abduction 外星人诱拐引起的创伤后应激障碍 | 4.69 | 0.68 | 26.7 | 4.85 | 0.40 | 20.5 |
Rebirthing therapies for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的重生治疗 | 4.58 | 0.82 | 10.9 | 4.75 | 0.46 | 4.8 |
Color therapy for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的色彩疗法 | 4.56 | 0.56 | 59.6 | 4.68 | 0.62 | 50.6 |
Primal scream therapy for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 尖叫治疗 | 4.51 | 5.9 | 4.61 | 0.72 | 4.8 | |
Chiropractic manipulation for mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的整脊手法治疗 | 4.36 | 0.70 | 29.3 | 4.57 | 0.60 | 14.6 |
Thought Field Therapy for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的思維場療法治疗 | 4.21 | 1.08 | 56.0 | 4.56 | 0.66 | 46.4 |
Standard prefrontal lobotomy for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的标准前额白质切断术治疗 | 4.44 | 0.90 | 9.9 | 4.55 | 0.80 | 8.3 |
Aromatherapy for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍香薰疗法 | 4.33 | 32.3 | 4.55 | 0.63 | 20.2 | |
Erhard Seminar Training for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍的埃哈德式小组疗法 | 4.29 | 0.78 | 37.4 | 4.47 | 0.85 | 28.7 |
Age-regression methods for treating adults who may have been sexually abused as children 对于或许曾经遭遇过儿童期性虐待成人的催眠年龄倒退法 | 4.12 | 0.97 | 4.1 | 4.41 | 8.3 | |
Craniosacral therapy for treatment of anxiety and depression 对于焦虑和抑郁的颅骶疗法 | 4.20 | 0.76 | 67.7 | 4.38 | 0.78 | 58.5 |
Preventive intervention for “born criminals” 对于“天生犯罪人”的预防干预 | 4.19 | 1.13 | 66.3 | 4.36 | 0.85 | 49.4 |
Sexual reorientation/reparative therapy for homosexuality 对于同性恋的性取向/性修复 | 4.25 | 1.00 | 9.1 | 4.29 | 0.91 | 7.1 |
Holding therapy for reactive attachment disorder 对于反应性童年依赖症的拥抱治疗 | 4.14 | 1.06 | 37.8 | 4.29 | 0.71 | 33.7 |
Treatments for mental disorders resulting from Satanic ritual abuse 针对邪教儀式虐待引起的精神障碍 | 3.98 | 1.31 | 34.7 | 4.28 | 1.05 | 22.0 |
Healing touch (not massage therapy) for treatment of mental/ behavioral disorders 对于心理/行为障碍的接觸療法(非按摩治疗) | 4.10 | 1.12 | 41.4 | 4.13 | 0.96 | 25.6 |
Psychological treatments of schizophrenia based on the schizophrenogenic theory of schizophrenia 基于精神分裂症理论的精神分裂症心理治疗 | 3.81 | 1.17 | 18.2 | 4.04 | 0.98 | 13.4 |
Reparenting therapies for treatment of mental/behavioral disorders 对于 心理/行为障碍 | 3.84 | 1.13 | 24.8 | 4.03 | 0.94 | 13.4 |
Bettelheim model for treatment of childhood autism |