www.psychspace.com心理学空间网人的現象與經驗
與人的現象與經驗
的理解架構
與回到人的現象與經驗
March 1, 2006
醴陵張凱理
題綱
1. 引言: 來信回信及其它
2. BEFORE THEY BEGAN TO DIVERGE …
3. … AT A TIME WHEN ‘THE SCIENCES OF MAN’ WERE BEGINNING TO EMERGE
4. ENDNOTE
REFERENCE
APPENDIX: BREGER, 1989, P 1-13; KUNDERA, 1986, P 3-44
1.引言: 來信回信及其它
Subject: Russian man (Feb 8, 2006)
I try to read through your material, slowly.
Today, I help to do the psychological test (WASI), and the subject is a Russian. I don't have time to know his background. I know he uses cocaine i.v. injection, which is very very rare, dangerous and extreme.
He is young, nice, sweet, and has strong accent. He carried a big black bag when he entered my office. Generally speaking, the interview was smooth, although he was very frustrated about his performance. Then he went to the exam room for blood test, at that time, we had a chance to see into his black bag. Some nasty clothes, a tourniquet, cigarettes and a knife.
A knife, big and shinning, reminds me of the reality.
It's hard to express what I feel, but I knew I spent time with a Russian man, his knife and many stories that I don't have chance to know, or better not to know.
* * * * * *
The reality is always more frightening than our theories.
That piece of talk is supposed to be given on March 1. Two main points: (1) The psychoanalytic theories are protective barriers between us and the reality. Though they are also meant to illuminate the latter. (2) Take Dostoevsky for an example, who interestingly lived and wrote before the birth of psychoanalysis. His works are wonderfully complex and polyphonic (to use Bakhtin’s term). And that is exactly what reality is, in his times, in Freud’s times, and in our own.
Therefore, two phrases are the key points: “before they began to diverge …” and “(he wrote) at the time when the ‘sciences of man’ were beginning to emerge”.
If I am an eternal student, then let it be student of that reality.
* * * * * *
... We were both slightly over twenty years old. I was then residing in Petersburg; one year before I resigned from the engineers' corps, not knowing why, full of vague and uncertain aspirations. This was in May, 1845. Early in the winter, suddenly, I began to write Poor Folks, my first novel; before that I had never written anything. ... In the evening of the same day that I submitted the manu (to Grigorovich and Nekrasov), I went far off to visit a former friend of mine. All night we spoke about Dead Souls and read the novel for how long a time --- I don't remember. In those days it used to be this way among young men; two or three of them would get together: "Gentlemen, shall we read Gogol?" --- They would sit down and read, sometimes, all night. ... I returned home at four o'clock, in a white Petersburg night, bright as a day. The weather was beautiful and warm, and upon entering my apartment I did not go to bed, but opened the window and seated myself in front of it. Suddenly I heard the bell ring. This surprised me very much. Presently Grigorovich and Nekrasov rushed upon me and in a perfect transport started embracing me, and both were almost crying. ... In the evening they came home early, took my manu and began to read it, just for a test. "We shall be able to judge from the first ten pages." But having read ten pages, they decided to read ten more pages, and thereupon, without interruption, they sat all night till morning reading aloud and taking turns when one grew tired. ... “He is reading about the student’s death,” --- Grigorovich later told me, when we were alone --- “and suddenly I notice, in that place where the father runs behind the coffin, Nekrasov’s voice begins to falter, once, then a second time, and then, losing control over himself, he raps upon the manu with his palm, exclaiming: ‘The rascal!’ --- meaning you. And thus all night.” …After they had finsihed reading (112 pages in all), they unanimously decided to call on me immediately: "What does it matter that he is sleeping! We'll wake him up. This is more important than sleep!" ...
(The Diary of A Writer, by F.M. Dostoevsky, George Braziller, 1954, p 584-585)
Back in Rockville, Frieda buried herself in work. As millions of Europeans were being slaughtered or forced into exile … Frieda focused, as always, on the individual. Hilde Bruch recalled her reaction to the Pearl Harbor. … “Then came the meeting on December 8, 1941 [the day Roosevelt issued his declaration on war]. …This evening stands out vividly in my memory,” Bruch later wrote. “Everybody talked about what he or she was going to do for the war effort, and everybody had grandiose ideas. Frieda said very quietly, ‘I know what I’m going to do. I’ll do what I know best. I’ll do psychotherapy.’
(To Redeem One Person Is To Redeem The World: The Life of Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, by Gail A. Hornstein, Free Press, 2000, p 117)
Most critiques of contemporary scientific approaches to clinical psychology are built on the European philosophical traditions of phenomenology and hermeneutics. ... the approach I take here is to mine the riches of common sense and the unanalyzed notion of knowing people well in everyday day that is taken for granted by both logical positivist and hermeneutic approaches to science. In this way, my approach resembles more that of the philosopher Stephen Toulmin than it does the European Husserl or Heidegger. ...
I approach the moral engagement of clinical psychology in this book by examination of four topics: the concept of suffering, the analysis of the concept of knowing people well in everyday life, the nature of clinical knowledge, and the narrative clinical case study as a vehicle uniquely suited for the scholarly communication of morally engaged clinical knowledge.
(Facing Human Suffering: Psychology and Psychotherapy As Moral
Engagement, by Ronald B. Miller, American Psychological Association, 2004, p xi)
"賓雁曾經對我說過:我祇希望將來在我的墓碑上,寫上這麼一行字:「長眠於此的這個
中國人,曾做了他應該做的事,說了他自己應該說的話。」我知道賓雁還有很多話想跟我們
說,想對他牽念的祖國的父老鄉親說.可是,他也許再也沒有力氣說出來了。他在生命的最
後時光,最惦記的還是中國老百姓的自由和民主,幸福和權利,他為此奮鬥、拚搏了一生。
在他在進入昏迷以前,對身邊親友說的最清晰的一句話是:「將來,我們想起今天這樣的日
子,會非常有意思。」我想,這是他的最大的遺願。" (2005年12月4日上午9時 於賓雁彌留之際)
(賓雁的遺願, 朱洪, Beijing Spring, Vol 152, p 10, Jan, 2006)
2.BEFORE THEY BEGAN TO DIVERGE …
The Freud Wars: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Psychoanalysis, by Lavinia Gomez, Routledge, 2005
The premises of Object Relations (Gomez, 1997) led to the premises of psychoanalysis itself. After too many wrong turnings and blind alleys, the focus of this book emerged: how can psychoanalytic thinking be justified? … How do we know what we know? Can science explain everything? And that enduring enigma, whatever is a person?
How Can Psychoanalytic Thinking Be Justified?
* * * * * *
與人的現象與經驗
的理解架構
與回到人的現象與經驗
March 1, 2006
醴陵張凱理
題綱
1. 引言: 來信回信及其它
2. BEFORE THEY BEGAN TO DIVERGE …
3. … AT A TIME WHEN ‘THE SCIENCES OF MAN’ WERE BEGINNING TO EMERGE
4. ENDNOTE
REFERENCE
APPENDIX: BREGER, 1989, P 1-13; KUNDERA, 1986, P 3-44
1.引言: 來信回信及其它
Subject: Russian man (Feb 8, 2006)
I try to read through your material, slowly.
Today, I help to do the psychological test (WASI), and the subject is a Russian. I don't have time to know his background. I know he uses cocaine i.v. injection, which is very very rare, dangerous and extreme.
He is young, nice, sweet, and has strong accent. He carried a big black bag when he entered my office. Generally speaking, the interview was smooth, although he was very frustrated about his performance. Then he went to the exam room for blood test, at that time, we had a chance to see into his black bag. Some nasty clothes, a tourniquet, cigarettes and a knife.
A knife, big and shinning, reminds me of the reality.
It's hard to express what I feel, but I knew I spent time with a Russian man, his knife and many stories that I don't have chance to know, or better not to know.
* * * * * *
The reality is always more frightening than our theories.
That piece of talk is supposed to be given on March 1. Two main points: (1) The psychoanalytic theories are protective barriers between us and the reality. Though they are also meant to illuminate the latter. (2) Take Dostoevsky for an example, who interestingly lived and wrote before the birth of psychoanalysis. His works are wonderfully complex and polyphonic (to use Bakhtin’s term). And that is exactly what reality is, in his times, in Freud’s times, and in our own.
Therefore, two phrases are the key points: “before they began to diverge …” and “(he wrote) at the time when the ‘sciences of man’ were beginning to emerge”.
If I am an eternal student, then let it be student of that reality.
* * * * * *
... We were both slightly over twenty years old. I was then residing in Petersburg; one year before I resigned from the engineers' corps, not knowing why, full of vague and uncertain aspirations. This was in May, 1845. Early in the winter, suddenly, I began to write Poor Folks, my first novel; before that I had never written anything. ... In the evening of the same day that I submitted the manu (to Grigorovich and Nekrasov), I went far off to visit a former friend of mine. All night we spoke about Dead Souls and read the novel for how long a time --- I don't remember. In those days it used to be this way among young men; two or three of them would get together: "Gentlemen, shall we read Gogol?" --- They would sit down and read, sometimes, all night. ... I returned home at four o'clock, in a white Petersburg night, bright as a day. The weather was beautiful and warm, and upon entering my apartment I did not go to bed, but opened the window and seated myself in front of it. Suddenly I heard the bell ring. This surprised me very much. Presently Grigorovich and Nekrasov rushed upon me and in a perfect transport started embracing me, and both were almost crying. ... In the evening they came home early, took my manu and began to read it, just for a test. "We shall be able to judge from the first ten pages." But having read ten pages, they decided to read ten more pages, and thereupon, without interruption, they sat all night till morning reading aloud and taking turns when one grew tired. ... “He is reading about the student’s death,” --- Grigorovich later told me, when we were alone --- “and suddenly I notice, in that place where the father runs behind the coffin, Nekrasov’s voice begins to falter, once, then a second time, and then, losing control over himself, he raps upon the manu with his palm, exclaiming: ‘The rascal!’ --- meaning you. And thus all night.” …After they had finsihed reading (112 pages in all), they unanimously decided to call on me immediately: "What does it matter that he is sleeping! We'll wake him up. This is more important than sleep!" ...
(The Diary of A Writer, by F.M. Dostoevsky, George Braziller, 1954, p 584-585)
Back in Rockville, Frieda buried herself in work. As millions of Europeans were being slaughtered or forced into exile … Frieda focused, as always, on the individual. Hilde Bruch recalled her reaction to the Pearl Harbor. … “Then came the meeting on December 8, 1941 [the day Roosevelt issued his declaration on war]. …This evening stands out vividly in my memory,” Bruch later wrote. “Everybody talked about what he or she was going to do for the war effort, and everybody had grandiose ideas. Frieda said very quietly, ‘I know what I’m going to do. I’ll do what I know best. I’ll do psychotherapy.’
(To Redeem One Person Is To Redeem The World: The Life of Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, by Gail A. Hornstein, Free Press, 2000, p 117)
Most critiques of contemporary scientific approaches to clinical psychology are built on the European philosophical traditions of phenomenology and hermeneutics. ... the approach I take here is to mine the riches of common sense and the unanalyzed notion of knowing people well in everyday day that is taken for granted by both logical positivist and hermeneutic approaches to science. In this way, my approach resembles more that of the philosopher Stephen Toulmin than it does the European Husserl or Heidegger. ...
I approach the moral engagement of clinical psychology in this book by examination of four topics: the concept of suffering, the analysis of the concept of knowing people well in everyday life, the nature of clinical knowledge, and the narrative clinical case study as a vehicle uniquely suited for the scholarly communication of morally engaged clinical knowledge.
(Facing Human Suffering: Psychology and Psychotherapy As Moral
Engagement, by Ronald B. Miller, American Psychological Association, 2004, p xi)
"賓雁曾經對我說過:我祇希望將來在我的墓碑上,寫上這麼一行字:「長眠於此的這個
中國人,曾做了他應該做的事,說了他自己應該說的話。」我知道賓雁還有很多話想跟我們
說,想對他牽念的祖國的父老鄉親說.可是,他也許再也沒有力氣說出來了。他在生命的最
後時光,最惦記的還是中國老百姓的自由和民主,幸福和權利,他為此奮鬥、拚搏了一生。
在他在進入昏迷以前,對身邊親友說的最清晰的一句話是:「將來,我們想起今天這樣的日
子,會非常有意思。」我想,這是他的最大的遺願。" (2005年12月4日上午9時 於賓雁彌留之際)
(賓雁的遺願, 朱洪, Beijing Spring, Vol 152, p 10, Jan, 2006)
2.BEFORE THEY BEGAN TO DIVERGE …
The Freud Wars: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Psychoanalysis, by Lavinia Gomez, Routledge, 2005
The premises of Object Relations (Gomez, 1997) led to the premises of psychoanalysis itself. After too many wrong turnings and blind alleys, the focus of this book emerged: how can psychoanalytic thinking be justified? … How do we know what we know? Can science explain everything? And that enduring enigma, whatever is a person?
How Can Psychoanalytic Thinking Be Justified?
* * * * * *