W.V.D.宾厄姆
沃尔特·宾厄姆 [Walter Van Dyke Bingham 1880.10.20－1952.07.08]，美国应用心理学先驱，逝于华盛顿。
他开始学习的是实验心理学，在芝加哥大学师从 J.R.安吉尔，获得哲学博士学位。嗣后曾执教于哥伦比亚大学师范学院、达特第斯大学和卡内基技术学院。1942 年，担任人事研究联合会的负责人。他多年从事着独立的研究，曾应邀出任工业心理学顾问。
第一次世界大战期间，宾厄姆担任美军人员分类委员会的执行秘书。战争后期在陆军总参谋部的人事部门担任中校。他是设计军队智力测验的小组成员之一，与 W.D.斯科特一起从事军队人员分类工作。1921 年，他与人共创心理公司，并终身担任该公司负责人。
第二次世界大战期间，他担任军队人事分类的咨询委员会的主席，该委员会的形成是为了因应军队分类与训练的需求。那时候军队优先采取心理学家的方法，这和第一次世界大战是不同的。该委员会最早的作业之一是发展一个测验，依新募兵的学习士兵职责的能力将他们分成五类，最后发展出来测验就是《陆军普通分类测验》（Army General Classification Test, AGCT），这是团体测验史的一个里程碑，有 1200 万的士兵依这个测验被分派不同的军事工作。
宾厄姆曾负责编辑过不少杂志，也有许多著述。他的《能力和能力测验》（1937）一书是该领域的一部经典性著作。
主要著作：
能力和能力测验：1937
Walter Van Dyke Bingham Collection
Walter Van Dyke Bingham Collection, 1880-1952 [1852-1965]
Staff and Faculty Papers, Carnegie Mellon University Archives
Extent
61 linear feet of papers, 1852-1965.
Biographical Sketch of Walter Van Dyke Bingham
Walter Van Dyke Bingham (1880-1952) pioneered in psychological research at Carnegie Institute of Technology during the early decades of the twentieth century. Born in Swan Lake City, Iowa, Bingham graduated from Beloit College in 1901. He received a Masters degree in 1907 from Harvard and doctorates from both Harvard, and the University of Chicago the next year. Bingham began working at the Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1915 as founder and director of the Division of Applied Psychology. The Division was responsible for entrance testing and vocational guidance, as well as providing courses in psychology and education. Bingham recognized that the business community had similar needs that the Division could address, from standard methods of personnel selection to research and training in several vocationally oriented fields.
During World War I, the U.S. Army requested the assistance of Bingham and other psychologists involved in vocational education and research on intelligence testing. These psychologists worked for the War Department as the Committee for Classification of Personnel in the Army, of which Bingham was executive secretary. The Committee developed and revised a series of tests to determine rank and assignment for enlisted men and recruits. These intelligence and personality tests are forerunners of the familiar Scholastic Aptitude Tests. Having served the army as a psychologist in the first World War, Dr. Bingham was recalled by the War Department when World War II broke out to serve on the Army's National Research Council on Classification of Military Personnel. At the same time he served the Adjutant General's office as chief psychologist.
The testing methods developed during World War I were also adapted for use in business by the Division of Applied Psychology. The schools and bureaus worked with business leaders to determine the ideal traits for workers and managers, leading to standardization of retail training and testing methods used by personnel departments. This research reflected the growing support for the field of industrial psychology. Bingham's interest in industrial psychology continued after his departure from Carnegie Institute in 1924 and in his directorship of the Personnel Research Federation in New York City.
From 1946 to 1948, Bingham was chairman of the Council of Advisers to the Director of Personnel and Administration of the Army's General Staff. Since 1949, he had served the Secretary of Defense as a consultant on personnel policies. Dr. Bingham was past president of the American Association of Applied Psychology and past secretary of the American Psychological Association.
Scope and Content
The Bingham Papers consist of correspondence, memoranda, administrative documents, reports, manuscripts, test forms, photographs, books and scholarly journals and small artifacts dating from 1852 to 1965. Family papers and posthumous documents included in the collection. Series designation is unclear and pending-folders are not marked with Series names, and the chronological arrangement of the papers makes categorization difficult.
Bingham's roles in various academic fields and his contributions to numerous individuals and organizations are evident in the range of notable correspondents. These include James Angell and Robert Yerkes of the American Psychological Association, Samuel Gompers of the American Federation of Labor, Alexander Graham Bell, E.L. Thorndike, Charles S. Myers, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Herbert Hoover. Respected by psychologists and academics, Bingham encouraged research and discussion regarding the relation between intelligence, vocation, and personality.
The majority of this collection has been microfilmed and is available for research.
Provenance
The collection was obtained from Mrs. Millicent Todd Bingham, wife of Dr. Bingham, in one accession in 1992.
Restrictions
Some classified documents have been removed and will be replaced within the collection one their restrictions expire.
Separations
Please see "Restrictions."
Container List: Walter Van Dyke Bingham Collection
Series I: Notes, Music Experiments, and Correspondence
Bingham, Walter Van Dyke
Notebooks and course-related material--1900-1916
Correspondence--1905-1916Angell, James R., University of Chicago
Apatow, John J., The Economic Psychology Association
Baird, J. W., Clark University
Barrett, D. M., World's Salesmanship Congress
Bell, J. Carleton, University of Texas
Benson, Agnes, Music Supervisors' National Conference
Cattell, J. McKeen
Cody, Sherwin, National Associated Schools of Scientific Business
Cole, P. R., Training College, Sydney, Australia
Davidson, William, Superintendent, Pittsburgh Public Schools
Dunlap, Knight, Johns Hopkins University
Franz, S. I., Government Hospital for the Insane
Gilbreth, Frank G.
Gilman, Ives, Boston Museum of Fine Arts
Haggerty, M. E., University of Minnesota
Hamerschlag, Arthur A., Director, Carnegie Institute of Technology
Hindle, Charles F.
Hornbostel, Erich v.
Keyes, Homer Eaton, Dartmouth College
Langfeld, H. S., Harvard University
Lawrence, H. W., Jr., Dartmouth College
McConaughy, James, Dartmouth College
Meade, Charles K.
Myers, C. S.
Ruml, Beardsley, University of Chicago
Seashore, Carl, State University of Iowa
Stetson, R. H.
Stoelting, Charles H.
Sutherland, A. H., Yale University
Thurstone, Louis L., Carnegie Institute of Technology
Titchener, E. B.
Waugh, Karl, Beloit College
Wells, F. L., McLain Hospital
Whipple, Guy, University of Illinois
Wideman, W. W., C. H. Stoelting Company
Woods, Edward A., Edward A. Woods Company
Woodworth, R. S., Columbia University
Yerkes, Robert M., Harvard University
Series 2: War Years
Bingham, Walter Van Dyke
Correspondence--1917-1919
Achilles, Paul S.
Ahern, George P., Major, War Plans Division
Aikens, J. Austin
Angell, James R., Dean, University of Chicago
Baird, J. W., Clark University
Baker, Newton D., Secretary of War
Baker, Thomas S., Carnegie Institute of Technology
Bartlett, F.G., Psychology Lab, Cambridge, England
Bell, J. Carelton,Journal of Educational Psychology, Brooklyn Training School for Teachers, University of Texas
Black, W.M., Chief Engineer to the Adjutant General
Boyd, Carl N., Colonel, Aide to General Pershing
Briggs, Howard L., Irwin Avenue Industrial School
Buhler, Ernest O., Trade Test Division
Bureau of Industrial Research
Byers, Joseph P., Committee on Provision for the Feeble-Minded
Cattell, J. McKeen, Editorial Department, Science
Chapman, J. Crosby, Committee on Classification of Personnel in the Army
Charters, W. W., University of Missouri
Clark,Grenville, Committee on Education & Special Training
Clothier, Robert C., A.M. Collins & Company
Committee on Worthy Use of Leisure Time
Council of the American Psychological Association
Dearborn, Walter F., Harvard University
Dodge, Raymond, Wesleyan University
Dunlap, Knight, Johns Hopkins University
Edison, Charles
Edward A. Woods Company
Farnsworth, Charles H., Columbia University
Federal Board for Vocational Education
Franz, Sheperd I., Government Hospital for the Insane
Frazier, Lewis R., Bureau of Salesmanship Research, Carnegie Institute of Technology
Furst, Clyde, Carnegie Foundation
Gehrkens, K.W., Oberlin College
Gilbreth, Walter, National Research Council
Gilman, R. Ives, Boston Museum of Fine Arts
H. H. Harrison and Company
Hamerschlag, Arthur A., President, Carnegie Institute of Technology
Holt, Hamilton, Editor, The Independent
Hoopingarner, Dwight, University of Texas, National Bank of Commerce in N.Y.
Hopkins, L.B., Committee on Classification of Personnel in the Army
Hunter, W.S., University of Kansas
Jones, Mark M., Personnel Office, Camp Jones, Camp Upton, Thomas Edison Co.
Kitson, Harry D., University of Chicago
Ladd, George Trumbull
Langfeld, Herbert S., Secretary, American Psychological Association
Litchfield, I.W., Department of Labor
Lovelace, Griffin M., Bureau of Salesmanship Research
Mann, David W., Students Astronomical Laboratory, Harvard University
McConaughy, James L., Dartmouth University
Myers, C.S.
National Research Council, Council of the National Defense
Outhwaite Leonard, The Philadelphia Company
Peacock, D.W.K., Lt. Colonel
Pershing, John J., General
Pillsbury, W.B., University of Michigan
Pope, Arthur U., Antaeus Trading Company
Research Bureau for Retail Training
Root, Elihu
Root, W.S., Leland Stanford University
Ruml, Beardsley, University of Chicago, The Scott Company
Russell, Winslow, Treasury Department, Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Company
Scott, Walter Dill, Committee for Classification of Personnel in the Army
Seashore, Carl E., Dean, Graduate College, State University of Iowa
Smith, P.L., Lt. Col., Depot Quartermaster, Quartermaster Corps.
Sonneck, O.G., Editor, The Musical Quarterly
Stoelting, C.H., C.H. Stoelting Company
Strong, Edward K., Jr., Camp Taylor Personnel Office, George Peabody College
Sutherland, A.H., Board of Education, Los Angeles School District
Swan, John J., Committee on Classification of Personnel in the Army
Terman, Lewis M., Teacher's College, Stanford University
Thomas Edison Interests
Thorndike, E.L., Teachers College, Columbia University
Thurstone, L. L.
Titchener, E., Cornell University
Watson, John B., Medical Research Lab
Waugh, Karl T., Federal Board of Vocational Education
Wells, F.L., McLean Hospital
Whipple, Guy M., University of Illinois
Williams, Frankwood, Vice Chairman, National Committee for Mental Hygiene
Williams, Whiting, Vice-President, Hydraulic Pressed Steel Company
Woodworth, R. S., Columbia University
Yerkes, Robert M., Training College, Harvard University
Yoakum, Clarence S., University of TexasReports and Tests, 1917-1919
Contains war-related material, psychological reports, examinations, and blank forms
Series 3: Correspondence
www.psychspace.com心理学空间网Bingham, Walter Van Dyke
Correspondence--1920-1921
Allport, Floyd H.,The Journal of Abnormal Psychology and Social Psychology
American Psychological Association
Angell, James R., President, Carnegie Corporation, National Research Council
Beatty, A.J., The American Rolling Mill Co.
Bell, Alexander Graham
Bell, J. Carleton, Brooklyn Training School for Teachers
Bonner, H.R., Bureau of Education, Department of the Interior
Boring, E.G., Clark University, American Psychological Association
Bryant, Myrton A., The Bryant Teachers Bureau
Buckingham, B.R., Editor,Journal of Educational Research
Bureau of Industrial Research
Cattell, J. McKeen, Editorial Department,Science
Chapman, J. Crosby, Yale University
Clothier, Robert C., Vice President, The Scott Company
Dealey, William L.,Providence Journal
Dunlap, Knight, Johns Hopkins University
Ford, Alexander Hume, Pan-Pacific Union
Frazier, Lewis R., Assistant to W. V. Bingham, Carnegie Institute of Technology
Freyd, Max
Hamerschlag, Arthur A., President, Carnegie Institute of Technology
Hoopengarner, Dwight L., Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration
Hottenroth, Adolph C.
Hunter, W.S., University of Kansas
Johnston, J.B., University of Minnesota
Judd, Charles H., University of Chicago
Kornhauser, Arthur W., The Scott Company
Little, C.C., The Second International Congress of Eugenics, American Museum of Natural History
Lovelace,Griffin, School of Life Insurance Salesmanship
McKinney, James, American School of Correspondence
Meeker, Royal, Scientific Division, International Labour Office, League of Nations
National Association for Vocational Education
Passano, E.B., President, Williams & Wilkins Company
Peacock, D.W.K., Philadelphia Company
Pelman Laboratory of Applied Psychology
Pillsbury, W.B., University of Michigan
Robinson, E.S., University of Chicago
Ruml, Beardsley, Carnegie Corporation, Personnel Research Federation
Russell,Winslow, Vice President, Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Company
Scott, Walter Dill, The Scott Company
Slosson, Edwin E., Science Service
Snow, A.J., Northwestern University
Society of Applied Psychology
Stevenson, John A., Director, School of Life Insurance Salesmanship, Equitable Life Assurance Society
Stoddard, W.L., Industrial Information Service, Inc.
Terman, L.M., Leland Stanford Junior University
Thorndike, E.L., Columbia University
Thurstone, L.L., Carnegie Institute of Technology
Warren, Howard C., Editor,Psychological Review, American Psychological Association
Watson, John B., J. Walter Thompson Co.
Wells, F. Lyman, McLean Hospital
Whiting Williams, Hydraulic Pressed Steel Co., Harvard University
Wissler, Clark, Division of Anthropology and Psychology, National Research Council
Woodworth, R.S., American Psychological Association
Yerkes, Robert M., American Psychological Association
Yoakum, C.S., Director, Bureau of Personnel Research, Carnegie Institute of TechnologyRelated Reports and Papers--1920-1921
