作 者：Mahzarin R. Banaji Perspectivism in Social Psychology: The Yin and Yang of Scientific Progress
January 2004
William J. McGuire is considered one of the pioneers of social cognition. His work has helped unify the scientific study of the topic, and his dynamic theory of thought systems integrates areas of attitude change, language, stereotyping, ideology, and political psychology. McGuire's perspectivist meta-theory, which provides dozens of heuristics and guiding principles for creativity and the rigorous assessment of hypotheses, has shaped social cognition and its sub-fields.
In this volume, a diverse group of leading social psychologists explores topics important to McGuire's work: the concept of self, language and social cognition, political ideology, the history of social psychology, and contextualist philosophy of science. Each chapter delivers a perspectivist analysis of the questions central to the authors' own area of study. As a result, new and emerging agendas for social cognition have emerged, united under the theme of perspectivist methodology and the study of thought systems. Like McGuire's own work, chapters balance the scientific components of theory, methodology, and empirical data.
This provocative volume of essays illustrates the broad influence of McGuire's theories and methodologies and will serve as an important catalyst for future research in social cognition.
Contributors
Foreword
Acknowledgments
I. Introductory Material
- Perspectivist Social Psychology: A Work in Progress
—John T. Jost, Mahzarin R. Banaji, and Deborah A. Prentice - The Perspectivist in Historical and Scientific Perspective: McGuire's Role in Twentieth-Century Social Psychology
—György Hunyady and John T. Jost - A Life in Psychology: The Human Element
—William J. McGuire
II. Attitudes, Persuasion, and Social Influence
- Resisting Persuasion by Counterarguing: An Attitude Strength Perspective
—Richard E. Petty, Zakary L. Tormala, and Derek D. Rucker - Dynamic Networks and Other Thought Systems: Remote Ramifications of a Focused Persuasive Communication
—Reid Hastie and Katherine A. Rawson - Values and Evaluations
—Deborah A. Prentice
III. Information Processing, Affect, and Behavior
- Asymmetries in Affect-Laden Information Processing
—John T. Cacioppo - The Cognitive Organization and Use of General Knowledge
—Robert S. Wyer, Jr. - The Cognitive Guidance of Behavior
—Shulamith Kreitler - The Opposite of a Great Truth Is Also True: Homage to Koan #7
—Mahzarin R. Banaji
IV. Language and the Self-Concept
- The Self-in-Talk: Toward an Analysis of Interpersonal Language and Its Use
—Gün R. Semin - (Self-)Conceptions as Social Actions
—Curtis D. Hardin
V. Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Intergroup Relations in Society
- Vicissitudes of Societal Psychology
—Willem Doise - Social Stereotypes and "Implicit Social Theory"
—György Hunyady - The Commonsense Psychology of Changing Social Groups
—Alice H. Eagly and Amanda Diekman - A Perspectivist Looks at the Past, Present, and (Perhaps) the Future of Intergroup Relations: A Quixotic Defense of System Justification Theory
—John T. Jost
VI. Political Communication and Mass Media
- Continuities and Contrasts in American Racial Politics
—David O. Sears - Engineering Consent: The Renaissance of Mass Communications Research in Politics
—Shanto Iyengar
VII. Theory and Metatheory in Social Psychological Science
- Clapping With Both Hands: Numbers, People, and Simultaneous Hypotheses
—Phoebe C. Ellsworth - The Resting Parrot, the Dessert Stomach, and Other Perfectly Defensible Theories
—Anthony G. Greenwald - Unified Theory
—Norman H. Anderson - The Eighth Koan of Progress in Social Psychology: A Variable Anointed as "Special" Will Demand Special Treatment
—E. Tory Higgins
Appendix: Perspectivist Worksheets for Generating a Program of Research
—William J. McGuire
Index
About the Editors
