Witkin field independence
威特金(August 2, 1916—July 8, 1979)，

美国心理学家，早期研究格式塔心理学和感觉，后来研究认知风格，运用多种方法探索了在场独立一场依存方面的个体差异。他的著作《心理差异》被广泛引用。

Pioneer in learning styles, defined learning style in process terms, argued that learning styles are concerned with the form rather than the content of the learning activity, spent much of his academic career developing measures of learning style, studied field dependent and field independent cognitive styles and educational implications, to analyze perceptual field dependence he invented the tilting-room, tilting-chair tests (TRTC) which inspired voluminous research on personality development, provided evidence that societies can be characterized in terms of the predominant cognitive style of their members

Eponym: Witkin field independence

Robert J. Gregory, Psychological Testing: History, Principles, and Applications, Second Edition, 1996 by Allyn and Bacon