Sandor Ferenczi( XXII,227-9 )
幸福,主人!”他们其中的一个说。“星星上写着你将看到你所有的亲属在你之前死去。”这个先知被处死了。“你很幸福。”另一个人也说,“因为我在星星上读出你将活得比你所有的亲属都久。”这个人得到了富裕的奖赏。这两者给出的表达都是对同一个愿望的满足。
We have learnt by experience that wishing costs little; so we generously present
one another with the best and warmest of wishes. And of these the foremost is
for a long life. A well known Eastern tale reveals the double-sidedness of
precisely this wish. The Sultan had his horoscope cast by two wise men. ‘Thy lot
is happy, master!’ said one of them. ‘It is written in the stars that thou shalt
see all thy kinsmen die before thee.’ This prophet was executed. ‘Thy lot is
happy!’ said the other too, ‘for I read in the stars that thou shalt outlive all
thy kinsmen.’ This one was richly rewarded. Both had given expression to the
fulfilment of the same wish.
It fell to me in January, 1926, to write an obituary of our unforgettable
friend, Karl Abraham. A few years earlier, in 1923, I could congratulate Sándor
Ferenczi on the completion of his fiftieth year. To-day, scarcely a decade
later, it grieves me that I have outlived him too. In what I wrote for his
birthday I was able to celebrate openly his versatility and originality and the
richness of his gifts; but the discretion imposed on a friend forbade my
speaking of his lovable and affectionate personality, with its readiness to
welcome everything of significance.
精神分析的兴趣的指引而跟我走到一起,那时他还年轻,我们彼此分享了很多事情。我邀请他和我一起去马萨诸塞州的伍斯特,1909年在一个一周的庆祝活动中,我在那儿要求做一个演讲。早上,在我开始演讲的时间到之前,我们一起在大学的建筑前面散步,我让他给我关于我今天应该讲些什么的建议。他给我一些简单的描述,半个小时之后,我就在我的演讲中将之即兴发挥。用这样的方式,他分享了最初的五个讲座。在这之后不久,在1910年的纽伦堡会议上,我安排他提出一个方案,即把分析家们组织成为一个国际协会。这个方案是我们共同思考出来的。经过稍作修改,它就被接受了,并一直有效持续到今天。我们连续花了几年时间一起在意大利度过秋季的假期,之后在学术界很多以我或者他的名义发表的论文,在我们在意大利的谈话中已见雏形。当时间大战的爆发限制了我们行动的自由,并且也瘫痪了我们的分析活动时,他利用空闲时间同我开始了他的分析。当他被征服兵役时,分析遭到了中断,但是他之后会继续下去。然而,由很多很多我们分享的那些经历在我们之间建立起来共同的紧密联系是不会受到干扰的,不幸的是,在他之后的生活中,他与一位杰出的女性结合了,而今天我悲悼的是,这位女性竟成为了他的寡妇。
Since the days when he was led to me by his interest in psycho-analysis, still
in its youth, we have shared many things with each other. I invited him to go
with me to Worcester, Massachusetts, when in 1909 I was called upon to lecture
there during a week of celebrations. In the morning, before the time had come
for my lecture to begin, we would walk together in front of the University
building and I would ask him to suggest what I should talk about that day. He
thereupon gave me a sketch of what, half an hour later, I improvised in my
lecture. In this way he had a share in the origin of the Five Lectures. Soon
after this, at the Nuremberg Congress of 1910, I arranged that he should propose
the organization of analysts into an international association - a scheme which
we had thought out together. With slight modifications it was accepted and is in
force to this day. For many successive years we spent the autumn holidays
together in Italy, and a number of papers that appeared later in the literature
under his or my name took their first shape in our talks there. When the
outbreak of the World War put an end to our freedom of movement, and paralysed
our analytic activity as well, he made use of the interval to begin his analysis
with me. This met with a break when he was called up for military service, but
he was able to resume it later. The feeling of a secure common bond, which grew
up between us from so many shared experiences, was not interrupted when, late in
life unfortunately, he was united to the outstanding woman who mourns him to-day
as his widow.
Ten years ago, when the Internationale Zeitschrift dedicated a special number to
Ferenczi on his fiftieth birthday, he had already published most of the works
which have made all analysts into his pupils. But he was holding back his most
brilliant and most fertile achievement. I knew of it, and in the closing
sentence of my contribution I urged him to give it to us. Then, in 1924, his
Versuch einer Genitaltheorie appeared. This little book is a biological rather
than a psycho-analytic study; it is an application of the attitudes and insights
associated with psycho-analysis to the biology of the sexual processes and,
beyond them, to organic life in general. It was perhaps the boldest application
of psycho-analysis that was ever attempted. As its governing thought it lays
stress on the conservative nature of the instincts, which seek to re-establish
every state of things that has been abandoned owing to an external interference.
Symbols are recognized as evidence of ancient connections. Impressive instances
are adduced to show how the characteristics of what is psychical preserve traces
of primaeval changes in the bodily substance. When one has read this work, one
seems to understand many peculiarities of sexual life of which one had never
previously been able to obtain a comprehensive view, and one finds oneself the
richer for hints that promise a deep insight into wide fields of biology. It is
a vain task to attempt already to-day to distinguish what can be accepted as an
authentic discovery from what seeks, in the fashion of a scientific phantasy, to
guess at future knowledge. We lay the little book aside with a feeling: ‘This is
almost too much to take in at a first reading; I will read it again after a
while.’ But it is not only I who feel like this. It is probable that some time
in the future there will really be a ‘bio-analysis’, as Ferenczi has prophesied,
and it will have to cast back to the Versuch einer Genitaltheorie.