温尼科特 1896-1971)词汇表
有关生命第一年的基本概念(Lea Klein PhD from Israel
丽雅·克莱因 博士(以色列)
张沛超 博士 译
Primary maternal preoccupation- this refers to the mental ability of the mother to prepare herself to the special situation of being totally devoted to the infant at the first time after birth. It is parallel to the physical ability to be pregnant and give birth. This "illness" is starting at the ending part of pregnancy, some weeks before infant is born, and continuing for several weeks later. The mother is extremely mentally occupied with the new born and then identifies and totally devoted to him, as long as the stage of total dependency. So she is one with her baby. He needs it for his healthy development. This is the ideal mother. He calls it "illness" because it is like a kind of overvalued idea a psychotic.
原初母性贯注: 指母亲在第一时间将自己调整至完全奉献于初生儿的心理能力,这种能力是与可以怀孕和分娩的身体能力是平行的。这种“疾病”起始于婴儿临产前几周的孕期末期,并且持续到分娩几周后。只要婴儿仍然处于完全依赖期,母亲就极大程度地贯注于新生儿,并全心全意与之认同。所以健康的母亲和婴儿是一个整体,婴儿从中才能健康发育。之所以称之为“疾病”,是因为这有点像精神病性的“先占观念”。
Ideal mother- this is the mother which is needed for the new born at his first weeks of life. She identifies with the baby, she is totally devoted to him, and she is tuned to her baby, fully attentive, and supplies all his needs even by ignoring her own. By this she provides him with the experience of omnipotence which is required for his healthy development.
理想的母亲:这是指初生儿在生命中的前几周所需要的母亲。她与婴儿认同,全心全意地奉献,调整自己以适应婴儿,忘我地满足他所有的需求。通过这些她让婴儿拥有全能的体验,这对于健康发展是很重要的。
Good enough mother- is the mother of the second stage, of the relative dependence. It relates to the mother's adaptation to her infant's needs which are changing slowly .she can now, be sensitive enough to know when and how much her
infant can tolerate failure and frustration. This strengthens his ability to deal with reality, to acquire the experience of his abilities and strength.
足够好的母亲:这是指第二阶段——相对依赖阶段的母亲。这里指母亲对她的孩子逐渐变化的需求的适应。现在她可以足够的敏锐,以指导他的孩子何时、以何种方式忍受失落和挫折。这锻炼了他应对现实的能力,获得了体验自己能力的机会。
Total dependency- The first weeks of life, there is no distinction between baby-mother. The human-baby is totally vulnerable and totally dependent on an object to provide his needs for existing. They are one. He is totally dependent on her for his survival. W. claims: there is no such thing as an infant; there is an infant and a mother. When his needs are perfectly met, he acquires the feeling of omnipotence which is needed for his development.
完全依赖:生命第一周,母亲和婴儿之间全然不分。婴儿是如此的脆弱,以至于全然依赖他的客体提供生存的需求,他们成了一体。为了生存他必须全然依赖母亲。温尼科特说:没有婴儿这回事,只有母婴的联合体。如果他的需求被完美地满足,就会获得对于健康发展十分很必要的全能体验。